stackprof

Uses Ruby 2.1+ C-APIs like rb_profile_frames and rb_postponed_job_register_one to minimize profiling impact, as described in the Sampling section, ensuring accurate data with minimal performance penalty.

Supports CPU, wall time, object allocation, and custom sampling with tunable intervals, allowing targeted analysis of different performance aspects, as outlined in the Getting Started and Sampling sections.

Builds an incremental call graph from samples with weighted edges, showing method relationships and call frequencies, enabling deep insights into code interactions, as explained in the Aggregation section.

Generates text reports, dot graphs, source annotations, and flamegraphs, with built-in Rack middleware for web apps and raw data export, making it versatile for various analysis workflows.